Everything you need to know about Vanuatu CBI.

It is a government-approved program allowing eligible investors to obtain full Vanuatu citizenship through a qualifying contribution or investment. Approval is typically granted within around 45 days.

Vanuatu has offered citizenship-by-investment in various forms since 2014. The current Development Support Program (DSP) has been in continuous operation since 2017, with the Capital Investment Immigration Plan (CIIP) introduced more recently.

Yes. The program is governed by the Vanuatu Citizenship Act and operated by the Citizenship Commission under the Office of the Prime Minister. Only government-designated agents are authorised to submit applications.

Two: the Development Support Program (DSP) and the Capital Investment Immigration Plan (CIIP). Both grant identical Vanuatu citizenship and passport rights.

DSP is a pure non-refundable contribution to the National Development Fund. CIIP combines a government contribution with a US$50,000 capital component returned after a five-year holding period.

DSP is usually best for single applicants and small families on speed and simplicity. CIIP is generally better value for families of three or four because of the flat fee and the returnable component.

Yes. Both routes produce identical Vanuatu citizenship, the same passport, and the same rights under Vanuatu law.

Yes. The passport is issued by the Government of Vanuatu through the Department of Immigration and Passport Services after the Citizenship Certificate is signed by the Chairman of the Citizenship Commission.

Several thousand investors and family members have been naturalised under the various CBI streams since 2014. Exact figures are published periodically by the Vanuatu Government.

There is no indication the program will close. Vanuatu has reaffirmed CBI as a major source of national revenue and continues to refine governance and due diligence rather than wind the program down.

The Vanuatu Citizenship Office is the government body that processes applications, maintains the register of designated agents, and supports the Citizenship Commission's decisions.

The Vanuatu Citizenship Commission grants approval, based on due diligence reports from the Vanuatu Financial Intelligence Unit and an independent international due diligence firm.

Yes. Once granted, Vanuatu citizenship is for life and is hereditary. It can only be revoked in narrowly defined circumstances under the Citizenship Act (e.g. material fraud).

Citizenship may only be revoked under specific statutory grounds such as fraud, material misrepresentation in the application, or a serious offence under Vanuatu law. Lawfully granted citizenship is otherwise permanent.

Vanuatu does offer separate residency permits (investor, retiree, dependent), but the CBI program goes directly to citizenship without a prior residency period.

The Vanuatu Contribution Program (VCP) was an earlier scheme. It has been superseded; today's official programs are the DSP and CIIP.

All application documents are processed in English. Documents in other languages must be translated by certified translators and notarised before submission.

Yes. Vanuatu issues biometric e-passports compliant with ICAO standards, with the biometric chip embedded in the data page.

Adult Vanuatu passports are issued for 10 years. Passports for minors are issued for 5 years.

Yes. Vanuatu passports are renewable indefinitely through Vanuatu consular channels or through your designated agent.

Vanuatu offers investor residency permits separately, but the flagship offering is direct citizenship — not a golden visa. The CBI route grants a passport, not just residency.

Yes. Vanuatu has been a full member of the United Nations since 1981 and is active in international forums, particularly on climate and small-island-state issues.

Yes. Vanuatu has been a member of the Commonwealth of Nations since 1980, granting reciprocal rights and recognition across 56 sovereign member states.

The two official programs are the Vanuatu Development Support Program (DSP) and the Vanuatu Capital Investment Immigration Plan (CIIP), both established under the Citizenship Act.

Funds raised through DSP flow to Vanuatu's National Development Fund and contribute to government revenue, infrastructure, and public services. Under the CIIP, a portion of contributions is directed to supporting agricultural development in Vanuatu — strengthening rural livelihoods, food security, and export-grade crop production — alongside the returnable US$50,000 capital component released to the applicant after the five-year holding period.

The Development Support Program is a non-refundable contribution to the Vanuatu National Development Fund. It is the most established CBI route and grants citizenship in approximately 45 days.

US$130,000 for a single applicant, all-inclusive of main government fees. A US$5,500 due diligence fee per application applies separately.

The contribution covers the government processing fee, citizenship fee, naturalisation certificate, passport fee, and the contribution to the National Development Fund.

US$150,000 for a married couple, plus US$5,500 due diligence per application.

US$165,000 for a family of three (two parents and one child under 18), plus due diligence fees.

US$180,000 for a family of four (two parents and two children under 18), plus due diligence fees.

US$25,000 per additional dependant beyond a family of four, plus due diligence fees for any adult.

No. The DSP contribution is a non-refundable donation to the National Development Fund. It is not returned and no return is implied.

No. The full main contribution must be paid in a single transfer after Approval in Principle, into a designated Vanuatu Government escrow account.

Only after the Vanuatu Government issues Approval in Principle. The US$5,500 due diligence fee per application is paid earlier, at the start of Stage 1.

No. The Vanuatu Government accepts fiat-currency bank transfers only. Crypto must be converted to US dollars through a regulated channel before transfer.

The DSP contribution is quoted and paid in US dollars (USD). All other fees are also USD-denominated.

DSP pricing has been stable for several years. Always confirm current figures with your designated agent — fees are set by the Citizenship Commission and are subject to periodic review.

Yes. DSP is widely used by individuals and small families. For larger families of three or four, CIIP can offer better value due to its flat-fee structure.

Approximately 45 days from formal submission to passport issuance, the same as CIIP.

Same-sex couples can each apply as single applicants. Vanuatu does not currently recognise same-sex marriage, so spouses cannot be included on a single 'married couple' application.

Only a legally married spouse can be included as a 'spouse' on a single DSP application. A partner can apply as a separate single applicant.

All approved applicants (main applicant, spouse, dependants) are granted citizenship simultaneously following the Oath of Allegiance and signing of the Citizenship Certificate.

It is generally not possible to switch programs once due diligence is in progress. Choose the route that matches your family structure and budget before formally engaging.

The published fee is all-inclusive of government charges. Agents may charge additional professional fees, and translation/notarisation of documents is at the applicant's cost.

The Capital Investment Immigration Plan combines a government contribution with a returnable capital component. After a five-year holding period, US$50,000 is returned to the applicant (terms apply).

US$165,000 as a flat fee for a family of up to four (two parents and two children under 18), plus US$5,500 due diligence per application.

US$50,000 of the CIIP fee is treated as a capital investment and is returned to the applicant after a five-year holding period, subject to program terms in force at the time.

The returnable US$50,000 component is repaid after the five-year holding period elapses, in line with the conditions of the CIIP regulations and the applicant's investment instrument.

Repayment is governed by program rules and the underlying investment instrument. We recommend independent advice and a careful read of the CIIP terms before relying on the return as a financial benefit.

Yes. A five-year holding period applies to the returnable component. The Vanuatu citizenship itself is for life.

Often yes. Because CIIP's fee is a flat US$165,000 for up to four people, families of three or four typically pay less under CIIP than under DSP.

A single applicant could apply under CIIP, but DSP is usually more cost-effective for one person because the CIIP flat fee assumes a family unit.

Yes. CIIP and DSP grant identical Vanuatu citizenship and the same biometric Vanuatu passport.

Yes. Both programs are processed by the Vanuatu Citizenship Commission, under the same Citizenship Act framework.

Yes. Both programs target around 45 days from formal submission to passport issuance.

Yes. Additional dependants beyond the family-of-four base are added at US$25,000 each, plus due diligence for any adults.

Children born after citizenship is granted typically acquire citizenship by descent and do not need to be added retroactively to a CIIP application.

Yes. Once the Vanuatu passport is issued, all visa-free and visa-on-arrival privileges apply to all CIIP citizens.

The documentary requirements are essentially identical to DSP: passports, birth certificates, police clearances, medical certificate, bank reference, source-of-funds evidence, photos, CV, and proof of address.

Both DSP and CIIP have been strengthened under the Citizenship Amendment Act 2025, including enhanced due diligence and mandatory biometrics. Compliance standards have risen for both programs.

The fee is paid as a single program contribution attributable to the principal applicant; it is not split between family members for accounting purposes.

Yes. Minor government fees of approximately US$2,000 per person apply, along with due diligence fees, agent professional fees, and document preparation costs.

Yes. The returnable component is held in a designated government-controlled account for the duration of the five-year holding period.

Neither program has direct tax implications in Vanuatu (zero personal income tax). Personal tax outcomes depend on your tax residency abroad — take independent advice.

Applicants must be at least 18, of good character, in good health, able to demonstrate the lawful source of their qualifying contribution, and a national of an eligible country.

18 years of age is the minimum for the main applicant. Younger family members can be included as dependants.

No. There is no upper age limit for the main applicant. Vanuatu actively welcomes retirees, provided they can demonstrate sufficient lawful source of funds.

Yes. US citizens can acquire Vanuatu citizenship while retaining US nationality. US tax filing obligations remain governed by US law.

Yes. UK nationals are eligible and represent a significant share of applicants. Dual citizenship is fully recognised by both countries.

Yes. Australian citizens are fully eligible and benefit from Vanuatu's geographic proximity, time-zone alignment, and the recognition of dual citizenship by Australia.

Yes. Canadian citizens are eligible and Canada permits dual citizenship without restriction.

Yes, citizens of EU member states are eligible. Always confirm your home country's dual-citizenship rules — most EU states permit dual nationality, but a handful require notification.

Vanuatu periodically reviews and updates its list of restricted nationalities for security and AML reasons. We confirm eligibility for your specific passport at the initial consultation stage.

Eligibility for Iranian nationals is subject to current Vanuatu Government policy and may be restricted. We will confirm current status during the initial consultation.

No. North Korean citizens are not eligible under current Vanuatu CBI policy in line with international sanctions.

Syrian citizens are subject to enhanced due diligence and policy review. Eligibility is confirmed on a case-by-case basis at the initial consultation.

There is no language test. All application paperwork is in English, so a working knowledge is useful, but no formal proof of English proficiency is required.

No. There is no education requirement to obtain Vanuatu citizenship by investment.

No. There is no residency requirement before, during, or after the application. The process is entirely remote.

No. The Oath of Allegiance can be sworn virtually before a Vanuatu Commissioner. No physical visit is required.

Any criminal record will be assessed during due diligence. Minor or historic matters may not be disqualifying; serious offences, particularly in the past 10 years, typically are.

Material unresolved civil judgments, bankruptcy, or outstanding tax debts may affect eligibility. Full disclosure at the consultation stage allows us to assess your case privately first.

Yes. Comprehensive source-of-funds evidence is mandatory and forms the core of the due diligence process. We provide a detailed checklist of acceptable evidence.

Salary, business income, sale of property or business, inheritance, investment returns, and similar lawful sources are acceptable, provided each can be substantiated with documentary evidence.

Yes, provided the trading history is fully documented, gains were derived through regulated exchanges, and the converted USD funds can be traced.

PEPs are subject to enhanced due diligence and are not automatically excluded, but each case is assessed on its merits. Full and early disclosure is essential.

Active tax investigations or disputes are unlikely to result in approval. Most applicants wait until investigations are formally closed before proceeding.

Past visa refusals must be disclosed and will be reviewed during due diligence. Many refusals (e.g. for paperwork issues) are not disqualifying — context matters.

Prior CBI refusals must be disclosed and will be examined carefully. The reasons for refusal will be assessed during due diligence.

Headline costs start at US$130,000 (DSP single) or US$165,000 (CIIP family of four), plus US$5,500 due diligence per application, minor government fees, agent professional fees, and document preparation costs.

No hidden fees. Beyond the published government contribution, expect due diligence fees, minor government charges, agent professional fees, and document preparation/translation/notarisation costs — all disclosed upfront.

US$5,500 per application aged 16 or older, paid to the Vanuatu Government for enhanced background screening through accredited international firms.

No. The due diligence fee is non-refundable, regardless of the outcome of the application.

Agent fees are typically billed in tranches: an engagement retainer up front, balance due upon Approval in Principle. Schedules vary between agents.

We charge a modest engagement retainer to commence work, with the balance of our professional fees billed at Approval in Principle. We do not require the full government contribution upfront.

No. Apostilles, certified translations, notarisations, and courier fees are at the applicant's cost. We provide a budget estimate during onboarding.

US$130,000 government contribution under DSP, plus US$5,500 due diligence and minor fees. CIIP is generally not the most cost-effective route for single applicants.

US$150,000 under DSP, or US$165,000 under CIIP. CIIP becomes more cost-effective once children are added.

Under DSP: US$180,000 base plus US$25,000 per additional dependant. Under CIIP: US$165,000 base plus US$25,000 per additional dependant.

Approximately. DSP typically applies US$3,000 main applicant and US$2,000 per other applicant in minor government fees. CIIP minor fees are roughly US$2,000 per person.

Government contributions must be paid in USD to a designated Vanuatu Government account. Foreign-exchange conversion is the applicant's responsibility before transfer.

International bank wire transfer (SWIFT) in USD, to a designated Vanuatu Government escrow account. No cash, no crypto, no third-party payment platforms are accepted.

No. The CBI contribution is paid net to the Vanuatu Government and is not subject to VAT or sales tax.

Our fee covers end-to-end case management: eligibility consultation, document compilation, pre-screening, government liaison, Oath logistics, and passport courier coordination.

We do not provide financing. The contribution must be paid in full from the applicant's own lawful funds. Bank loans are typically incompatible with source-of-funds requirements.

The Vanuatu Government refunds the unused balance of any contribution funds held in escrow if the application is declined after due diligence. Due diligence fees and agent fees are non-refundable.

Program fees are set by the Vanuatu Government and reviewed periodically. We always confirm current pricing before formal engagement.

Government contributions are fixed. Some agents may offer a discount on professional fees for referrals or returning families — we are happy to discuss bespoke arrangements.

No annual fees. The only ongoing cost is passport renewal every 10 years (5 for minors), which is a standard consular fee, not a CBI fee.

Passport renewal costs are modest and set by the Department of Immigration and Passport Services. Current fees are confirmed at renewal.

Generally no. CBI contributions are not typically tax-deductible in the applicant's country of tax residence. Take independent tax advice.

Beyond passport renewal, there are no recurring CBI-related costs. Vanuatu has zero personal income tax, so there is no annual filing or tax cost simply for holding citizenship.

Each qualifying dependent parent is added at US$25,000, plus US$5,500 due diligence per application parent.

Dependent adult children up to age 29 can be added at US$25,000 each, subject to evidence of financial dependency, plus US$5,500 due diligence each.

Begin with a confidential consultation. We confirm eligibility, walk through the programs, and outline documents required. There is no obligation at the consultation stage.

Yes. Only government-designated agents are authorised to submit CBI applications and handle funds on behalf of the Vanuatu Government. Direct application is not permitted.

Designated agents are listed in the official register held by the Vanuatu Citizenship Office. Always verify against that register and never transfer funds to an unverified intermediary. The official designated agents list is published at https://vancitizenship.gov.vu/index.php/about-us/designated-agents.

Signing our engagement letter and submitting initial identity documents for pre-screening. This allows us to run an internal compliance check before involving the government.

An internal compliance and source-of-funds check we conduct before submitting any documents to the Vanuatu Government, to flag issues early and avoid wasted due diligence fees.

Stage 1 covers document compilation, nomination forms, certified passport copies, police clearances, CV, and the like. Stage 1 ends with payment of the US$5,500 per-adult due diligence fee.

Stage 2 is the main application lodged after due diligence clearance, where the Citizenship Commission considers approval. Approval in Principle triggers payment of the main contribution.

A formal letter from the Vanuatu Government confirming the Commission has approved the application in principle, subject to payment of the main contribution and completion of the Oath.

The main contribution is paid into a designated Vanuatu Government account, the Citizenship Certificate is prepared, and the Oath of Allegiance is scheduled.

Yes. The Citizenship Commission meets periodically to consider applications. Your file is queued for the next available meeting after due diligence clearance.

Typically every few weeks, depending on caseload. Your agent will track the next available meeting date and align submission accordingly.

No. Commission meetings are not open to applicants. Your designated agent represents the file and answers any questions raised by the Commission on your behalf.

A formal declaration of loyalty to the Republic of Vanuatu, sworn before an authorised Vanuatu Commissioner. It can be administered in person or virtually.

Yes. The Oath of Allegiance is routinely administered via secure video conference with a Vanuatu Commissioner. No travel to Vanuatu is required.

The Oath is administered in English. Interpreters can be arranged in advance if needed.

After the Citizenship Certificate is signed by the Chairman of the Citizenship Commission and biometrics are completed, the passport is printed and couriered to your nominated address.

By secure international courier (typically DHL or FedEx) to a nominated address worldwide. Tracking is shared with you as soon as the passport leaves Vanuatu.

Yes. If you prefer, the passport can be collected in person from the Department of Immigration in Port Vila, or from a Vanuatu consular office where one is available.

Notify us immediately. Many documents and the final passport courier rely on the address on file — keeping it current avoids delays and re-issuance costs.

The 45-day target already represents the fastest legitimate CBI timeline globally. There is no separate expedited stream. The best way to move quickly is to submit complete, well-prepared documents.

Yes, at any point. Government fees already paid (notably due diligence) are not refunded, but any unused contribution funds held in escrow are returned.

Reapplication is generally not advised unless the refusal was based on a clearly remediable issue. We provide candid advice on the merits of any reapplication.

The Citizenship Act provides limited grounds for review. In practice, formal appeals are uncommon; we focus on getting the initial application right.

Yes. We provide a structured client portal with milestone updates and respond to queries within one business day throughout the application.

Yes. A Vanuatu National ID Card is issued alongside the Citizenship Certificate, and a Birth Registration entry is created on the Vanuatu civil register.

Approximately 45 days from formal Stage 2 submission to passport issuance, assuming complete documentation. Preparation of documents typically adds 2–4 weeks.

Due diligence is typically completed within 20 days of formal submission, conducted in parallel by the Vanuatu Financial Intelligence Unit and an accredited international firm.

Some files complete in 30–40 days when documents are exceptionally well-prepared. Delays beyond 45 days are usually due to incomplete documentation or unusually complex source of funds.

Missing or unverifiable source-of-funds evidence, expired police clearances, untranslated documents, address inconsistencies, and incomplete biographical information are the most common sources of delay.

No. There is no formal fast-track. The 45-day target is already among the fastest in the global CBI market and applies to all applicants equally.

Most clients move from initial consultation to engagement within 1–2 weeks. We do not pressure timelines — taking time at this stage avoids issues later.

Typically 2–4 weeks, depending on how readily you can obtain police clearances, certified copies, and notarisations in your country of residence.

Even in genuinely urgent cases, due diligence cannot be shortcut. The fastest realistic timeline from first contact to passport in hand is approximately 6–8 weeks.

Vanuatu observes standard public holidays and a Citizenship Commission recess around Christmas/New Year. We plan timelines around the Commission calendar.

Vanuatu is UTC+11. Our team operates across Port Vila and Sydney, with extended-hour coverage to serve clients in Asia, Europe, and the Americas.

Approval in Principle is typically valid for a defined window (commonly 90 days) within which the main contribution must be paid. Extensions can be requested in unusual cases.

Typically 5–10 working days from Oath to passport printing and despatch, depending on courier service availability for your nominated address.

Yes. The Vanuatu Government observes a recess between mid-December and early January. Applications mid-flight at that time may pause for 2–3 weeks.

There is no objectively best month. We recommend starting at least 8 weeks before any planned use of the new passport to allow margin for normal variability.

No. The Citizenship Commission operates as an administrative body and continues to process applications during normal parliamentary sittings.

Valid passport, birth certificate, police clearance from each country of residence in the past 10 years, medical certificate, bank reference letter, source-of-funds evidence, six passport photos, CV, and proof of address.

Police clearances must be issued within the six months preceding application submission. Some agents accept slightly older clearances, but the Government typically wants them current.

From the national police authority of each country in which you have lived for more than six months in the past 10 years (e.g. ACRO in the UK, FBI Identity History Summary in the US).

We work with applicants from such jurisdictions to provide alternative evidence (sworn affidavits, embassy letters). Solutions are case-by-case.

Most foreign documents must be apostilled (or legalised via the relevant embassy) before being accepted by the Vanuatu Government. We provide country-by-country guidance.

An international certification (under the Hague Convention) that authenticates the origin of a public document. It allows the document to be recognised in another country without further legalisation.

Documents from non-Hague countries need to be legalised through the relevant Vanuatu consular channel or a chain of diplomatic certifications. We coordinate the process.

Yes. All non-English documents must be translated by a certified translator and notarised. We can recommend reliable certified translators in most jurisdictions.

Six recent colour passport-style photos (35mm × 45mm) on a plain white background, taken within the last six months. We provide a detailed photo spec sheet.

A complete chronological CV covering education, work history, business activities, and any military service. Gaps must be explained. A template is provided to clients.

Utility bills, bank statements, or government correspondence dated within the last three months, showing your full name and residential address. PO Boxes are not accepted.

A signed letter from your bank confirming the relationship, account standing, and average balance over a defined period. We provide a template language for the letter.

Yes. A standard medical certificate confirming you are in good health and free from communicable diseases, signed by a licensed physician. A template is provided.

A chronic condition is not automatically disqualifying. The medical certificate must reflect that you are not suffering from a communicable disease and are otherwise in stable health.

Payslips, employment contracts, audited financial statements, business sale agreements, tax returns, property sale contracts, inheritance documents, brokerage statements — anything that traces the lawful origin of the contribution funds.

Typically the immediate source plus the two preceding sources of accumulation. Older wealth (e.g. business sales decades ago) is documented through historic records.

Yes. Personal and (where relevant) business bank statements for the 6–12 months preceding application are standard, plus statements showing the specific transfers used to fund the contribution.

Birth certificate, child's passport (if held), school enrolment letter, custody/parental consent documents if applicable, photographs, and a medical certificate.

Birth certificate, passport, police clearance, medical certificate, photographs, and evidence of financial dependency on the main applicant (e.g. transfer records, declarations).

Yes, if applying with a spouse. The marriage certificate must be apostilled (and translated, if not in English). Divorce decrees from prior marriages are also required.

A certified replacement is usually obtainable from the issuing civil registry. In genuinely unobtainable cases, we work with the Vanuatu Government on alternative evidence.

Original certified/apostilled documents are submitted to the Vanuatu Government and retained on file. Always retain a complete copy set for your own records.

A standard passport with at least 12 months' validity remaining is required. Emergency travel documents are not accepted for CBI applications.

Forms must be signed in wet ink and notarised in most cases. We provide forms with clear signing instructions and witness requirements.

A formal Vanuatu Government form by which a designated agent nominates the applicant to the Citizenship Commission. We prepare and lodge it on your behalf.

Due diligence is performed by the Vanuatu Financial Intelligence Unit and an independent internationally-accredited due diligence firm engaged by the Vanuatu Government.

Identity verification, criminal background checks, sanctions and PEP screening, adverse media, source-of-funds analysis, prior CBI history, and verification of supporting documents.

Typically up to 20 days from formal submission. Complex cases (multi-jurisdiction business, PEP exposure, large historic asset bases) may take longer.

Vanuatu does not publicly share CBI applicant data. Information sharing follows formal channels under sanctions, AML/CFT cooperation, and international legal assistance agreements only.

Direct contact with employers and banks is uncommon and would only occur to verify a specific document. Most due diligence is conducted via independent databases and public records.

No. Successful applications are confidential. Vanuatu does not publish a list of CBI citizens.

Historic bankruptcy that has been formally discharged and is fully disclosed is rarely disqualifying. Active or undischarged bankruptcy typically is.

Open-source intelligence, including publicly available social media, is commonly reviewed as part of adverse-media checks. There is no need to grant access to private accounts.

Concerns are typically raised with the designated agent for clarification before any formal refusal. We then work with you to provide additional evidence or context as appropriate.

Probate documents, will copies, executor confirmations, and bank records showing the transfer of inherited assets into your name are the standard chain of evidence.

Sale and purchase agreement, completion statement, transfer records, and historic audited financials of the business establishing the value generated.

Brokerage statements, dividend records, capital gains tax returns, and a clear paper trail from the original capital to the realised gains.

A signed deed of gift, the donor's source-of-funds evidence, and bank records showing the gift transfer. The donor's source of wealth must itself be documented.

A structured search for negative news mentions about an applicant in international media, including allegations of fraud, corruption, sanctions, or organised crime — even if no charge resulted.

A check of the applicant against major sanctions lists (UN, EU, US OFAC, UK HMT and others). Any sanctioned applicant is automatically refused.

Politically Exposed Person screening identifies whether the applicant or close associates currently hold or recently held a prominent public function. PEPs face enhanced due diligence but are not automatically barred.

Biometric data is collected as part of the post-2025 reforms. This is coordinated through your designated agent, typically at the Oath stage.

Personal interviews are uncommon and not a mandatory part of the program. The Citizenship Commission reserves the right to request one in unusual cases.

The full report is not released to applicants. Material concerns are communicated to the designated agent in writing for response.

Yes. We routinely provide additional context, evidence, or expert reports in response to due diligence queries. Many initial concerns are resolved this way.

Your legal spouse, dependent children up to age 29 (subject to evidence of dependency), and dependent parents aged 50 or above.

Yes. A legal spouse is added as a family member at the published incremental cost (e.g. US$20,000 above the single rate under DSP).

Yes. Dependent children under 18 are included in the base family fee. Older children (up to age 29) can be added with evidence of financial dependency at US$25,000 each.

Yes, up to age 29, with evidence of full-time study or financial dependency on the main applicant. Each is added at US$25,000.

Proof of enrolment in full-time education, evidence of regular financial support, and confirmation that the adult child is unmarried and has no independent income.

Yes. Dependent parents aged 50 or above can be added at US$25,000 each, with evidence of financial dependency on the main applicant.

Yes. Dependent parents-in-law (parents of the spouse) can be added on the same terms as the applicant's own parents.

Grandparents are not included in the standard dependent definition. They would need to apply separately as main applicants.

No. Siblings are not eligible as dependants. Each sibling must apply separately as a main applicant.

Yes, stepchildren can be included subject to evidence of the parental relationship (marriage certificate, custody documents). The same age and dependency rules apply.

Yes. Adopted children are treated identically to biological children, with adoption documents required as part of the file.

Yes. Children from a previous marriage are eligible. Custody documents and the other parent's consent (where required by local law) form part of the file.

Where joint custody applies under the law of your jurisdiction, the consent of the other parent is required. We provide template consent forms.

No. A child must be born and have a birth certificate before being included on an application. A child born after grant of citizenship can usually claim citizenship by descent.

Yes. Children born to a Vanuatu citizen are eligible for Vanuatu citizenship by descent, registered through the appropriate consular process.

Adult dependants (16+) take the Oath of Allegiance. Minor children are bound by their parents' Oath and do not swear individually.

Yes. Each approved family member receives their own individual Vanuatu passport.

Yes. Vanuatu passports reflect the name on the birth certificate or current passport. Name changes through marriage or otherwise are accommodated with appropriate evidence.

Vanuatu does not currently recognise same-sex marriage; same-sex partners therefore cannot be added as 'spouse'. Each partner can apply as a single main applicant.

You can apply alone as a single main applicant. Your spouse can apply separately later as a main applicant or, in some cases, as a dependent of a citizen via consular channels.

Yes. Vanuatu fully recognises dual citizenship and does not require you to renounce any existing nationality.

Not from the Vanuatu side. Whether your existing country requires renunciation depends on that country's own dual-citizenship rules — most do not.

Vanuatu does not proactively notify foreign governments of CBI grants. However, you may have legal obligations to disclose new nationality in your country of residence, particularly for security clearances or PEPs.

No. Acquiring Vanuatu citizenship by application does not affect US citizenship; the US recognises dual citizenship in practice. US tax filing obligations remain unchanged.

No. UK nationals can hold Vanuatu citizenship without losing British nationality.

Indian law does not currently permit dual citizenship. Indian nationals who acquire Vanuatu citizenship typically need to surrender Indian citizenship and may apply for OCI status.

Chinese law does not recognise dual citizenship. Chinese nationals who acquire and use a Vanuatu passport may, under Chinese rules, be considered to have automatically lost Chinese nationality.

Yes, from Vanuatu's perspective. Multiple citizenships are permitted. Whether your other countries permit triple citizenship depends on each of those countries' laws.

Yes. Vanuatu citizenship is hereditary; children of Vanuatu citizens are eligible for citizenship by descent.

Children born after their parent becomes a Vanuatu citizen can claim citizenship by descent through the appropriate consular process.

Yes. Voluntary renunciation is possible by formal application to the Vanuatu Government, subject to confirmation that you hold another nationality (to avoid statelessness).

Yes. Children of Vanuatu citizens may claim citizenship by descent, and naturalised citizens' descendants inherit citizenship on the same basis as native-born citizens' descendants.

Vanuatu offers a separate citizenship-by-marriage track outside CBI, with its own residency and procedural requirements. CBI is faster and does not require marriage to a citizen.

Vanuatu's participation in CRS has evolved over time. Always consult your tax advisor on current reporting obligations based on your jurisdictions of tax residence and account location.

Yes. FATCA applies based on US citizenship, regardless of any other nationality you acquire. US tax and reporting obligations are unchanged by Vanuatu citizenship.

Visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to 88 destinations, including Singapore, Hong Kong, Russia, Malaysia, and most of the Pacific and Caribbean. See the Henley Passport Index for the latest count.

Vanuatu nationals currently require an electronic travel authorisation (ETA) for short stays in the UK. Always confirm the current rules before booking travel.

UK and Schengen access currently requires a visa. Vanuatu Citizens have 98%+ Schengen visa approval rate. Source https://www.axa-schengen.com/en/visa/schengen-area/easiest-country-to-obtain-a-schengen-visa-from#5.

No. Vanuatu nationals require a visa for travel to the United States; Vanuatu is not part of the US Visa Waiver Program.

Vanuatu nationals can access certain China entry schemes (e.g. Hainan visa-free). For mainland visa-free access, always confirm current Chinese policy at the time of travel.

Yes. Vanuatu and Russia have a visa-waiver arrangement for short visits — check the current permitted duration before travel.

Yes. Vanuatu nationals enjoy visa-free access to Singapore for short stays.

Yes. Vanuatu passport holders have visa-free access to Hong Kong for stays of up to 90 days.

Yes. Vanuatu nationals enjoy visa-free access to Malaysia for short stays of up to 90 days.

Yes. As a Commonwealth nation, Vanuatu nationals enjoy visa-free or visa-on-arrival access across most Caribbean states, including CARICOM member countries.

Yes. Vanuatu nationals have visa-free or visa-on-arrival access across most Pacific Island Forum nations.

No. Visa-free access is for short visits only. Working abroad requires a separate work permit in almost every jurisdiction.

Holding a second citizenship does not directly improve US visa prospects. The strength of the application depends on individual ties and circumstances.

Vanuatu does not currently have an E-2 Treaty Investor Visa arrangement with the US. For E-2 access, applicants typically look to programs in treaty countries such as Grenada.

Yes. Vanuatu nationals require a visa to visit Australia. The application process is standard and most Vanuatu nationals secure tourist visas without difficulty.

Yes. Vanuatu nationals require an NZeTA / visa for short visits to New Zealand. Confirm current requirements before booking.

International school enrolment is governed by the school and the host country's student-visa rules. The Vanuatu passport is fully accepted as a travel document for those purposes.

Many e-gates require ePassport biometric chips — which the Vanuatu passport has — but eligibility for e-gates depends on the policy of the destination country at the time of travel.

Visa-free access removes the visa requirement, but entry remains at the discretion of border officials in the destination country, as with any passport.

Independent rankings such as the Henley Passport Index, Arton Passport Index, and Nomad Capitalist rankings publish updates each quarter.

No. Vanuatu levies no personal income tax on residents or non-resident citizens.

No. There is no capital gains tax in Vanuatu.

No. There is no inheritance, estate, or death tax in Vanuatu.

No. Vanuatu does not levy a wealth tax.

No. Vanuatu does not levy a gift tax.

Vanuatu does not levy corporate income tax in the traditional sense. Companies pay VAT (currently 15%) on relevant supplies, plus business licence fees and certain sector-specific charges.

No. Citizenship is not the same as tax residency. You do not become a Vanuatu tax resident simply by acquiring a Vanuatu passport.

Tax residency in Vanuatu is established by physical residence and intention. Since Vanuatu has no personal income tax, 'tax residency' has limited practical meaning beyond severing residency in higher-tax jurisdictions.

Vanuatu has a limited tax treaty network. Most jurisdictions therefore look to facts (e.g. centre of vital interests) to determine residency for treaty purposes.

Yes, typically, unless and until you sever tax residency in your home country under its specific rules. Tax planning around citizenship requires independent professional advice.

Vanuatu citizenship can be one element of a broader plan, particularly where applicants are moving residency. It is not a tax shelter on its own — your home country's tax rules still apply if you remain resident there.

Yes. Vanuatu levies VAT at 15% on most goods and services. VAT is a domestic consumption tax and does not affect non-resident citizens.

Vanuatu levies modest land rent on leasehold property (Vanuatu land is held under long leases, not freehold). There are no annual property taxes in the conventional sense.

No. With no personal income tax, there is no annual personal tax return for individuals to file in Vanuatu.

Generally no, because the contribution is a payment by you, not income. However, you should take independent tax advice — some jurisdictions tax certain wealth movements.

Some countries (e.g. US 'expatriation tax', Canada 'departure tax') impose exit taxes when nationals or long-term residents leave. These are separate from any Vanuatu tax question and require local advice.

Individuals without a Vanuatu business activity generally do not require a Vanuatu Tax Identification Number. Business owners obtain one through the Department of Customs and Inland Revenue.

No. Vanuatu does not tax its citizens based on citizenship. Only the US (and Eritrea) practise citizenship-based taxation.

Vanuatu's CRS status has evolved. Always discuss your specific account locations and tax residencies with your tax advisor for current reporting obligations.

FATCA applies based on US tax status, not Vanuatu citizenship. A US person remains within FATCA scope regardless of acquiring Vanuatu citizenship.

Yes. Vanuatu citizens can open accounts with local commercial and international banks operating in Vanuatu, subject to standard KYC and source-of-funds checks.

A second passport can broaden banking options, but banks still apply their own KYC and tax-residency rules. Vanuatu citizenship is one input among many.

Vanuatu's international financial centre has been reformed in recent years. Modern Vanuatu banking is fully compliant with international AML and CFT standards.

Vanuatu's standing with international bodies (FATF, OECD, EU) is reviewed periodically. Always confirm Vanuatu's current standing with your advisor before structuring financial arrangements.

Yes. Acquiring a second citizenship does not automatically close your existing accounts. You may have a duty to update KYC information with your bank.

Banks routinely refresh KYC information. They may ask about additional citizenships, particularly during periodic reviews or for accounts above certain thresholds.

Yes. Vanuatu citizens can use regulated crypto exchanges worldwide, subject to each exchange's own onboarding rules and your country of residence's policies.

No. Vanuatu has no foreign-exchange controls. Currencies move freely in and out of the country.

The national currency is the Vatu (VUV). USD, AUD, and EUR are widely accepted by banks and many business establishments.

Local banks issue Vanuatu credit cards to citizens with a domestic banking relationship. Acceptance depends on each bank's underwriting criteria.

Yes. Vanuatu offers both domestic companies and International Companies (IC). The legal framework is well-established but subject to robust AML/CFT compliance.

Vanuatu trusts are recognised under Vanuatu law. International recognition depends on the rules of the jurisdiction in which they are being relied upon.

Yes. Vanuatu citizens can lease land in Vanuatu (all Vanuatu land is leasehold under custom law). Long-term leases of 50–75 years are common.

No. All land in Vanuatu is owned by indigenous custom owners and held by non-Ni-Vanuatu through long-term leases under the Land Leases Act.

No. A Vanuatu bank account is not required for CBI applications. It can be opened separately later if you wish.

No. There is no residency requirement before, during, or after the application. You can live anywhere you choose.

Tropical Pacific climate with two main seasons: a warmer, wetter season from November to April and a cooler, drier season from May to October.

Vanuatu has three official languages: Bislama (the national lingua franca), English, and French. English is widely spoken in business and government.

Cost of living in Port Vila is moderate by Pacific standards. Imported goods are relatively expensive; locally produced food and services are reasonable.

Vanuatu has public and private healthcare facilities, primarily in Port Vila and Luganville. For specialised treatment, residents often travel to Australia or New Zealand.

Yes. Port Vila has several international schools offering English-language curricula (including French and IB streams), serving expatriate and local families.

Yes. Vanuatu welcomes retirees. Many retirees acquire citizenship through CBI for ease of long-term residence and travel without the constraints of visa renewals.

Yes. Vanuatu citizens can work freely in Vanuatu. Business owners require the standard business licences applicable to all citizens.

Vanuatu is generally a safe country with low rates of serious crime. Standard precautions apply, as in any country.

Yes. Vanuatu has fibre and 4G coverage in major centres. Connectivity in outer islands is improving but more limited.

Direct flights operate from Australia (Brisbane, Sydney), Fiji, New Zealand (Auckland), and New Caledonia. International arrivals use Bauerfield International Airport (VLI) in Port Vila.

Vanuatu is UTC+11 year-round. There is no daylight-saving time.

The Vanuatu Vatu (VUV). USD and AUD are widely accepted in tourist and business settings.

Electricity supply in Port Vila and Luganville is reliable. Many properties also use solar and battery backup, particularly on outer islands.

Vanuatu is a parliamentary republic with a multi-party democracy. A unicameral Parliament elects the Prime Minister, and a ceremonial President is elected by an electoral college.

The Citizenship Act [CAP 112] of Vanuatu and its associated regulations, including the Citizenship Amendment Act 2025 and the regulations governing DSP and CIIP.

The Vanuatu Citizenship Commission, supported by the Citizenship Office (a department within the Office of the Prime Minister).

Yes. The Constitution of the Republic of Vanuatu, in force since independence in 1980, sets out citizenship, fundamental rights, and the structure of government.

Vanuatu has worked with the EU on AML/CFT and information-sharing standards. The Citizenship Amendment Act 2025 strengthened due diligence in part to address EU concerns.

It modernised the legal framework for CBI, introducing enhanced due diligence, mandatory biometrics, stricter agent obligations, and a more transparent online application portal.

Yes. Designated agents are licensed by the Citizenship Commission, must hold professional indemnity insurance, and are subject to ongoing compliance audits.

Only under narrowly defined statutory grounds, primarily fraud or material misrepresentation in the application or a serious offence under Vanuatu law. Revocation is rare and follows due process.

Vanuatu has an Office of the Ombudsman with general jurisdiction over public administration. CBI-specific complaints are typically routed via the designated agent and the Citizenship Office first.

Yes. Vanuatu has an independent judiciary, with appeals lying ultimately to the Court of Appeal. Vanuatu retains influences from both common-law (English) and civil-law (French) traditions.

Yes. Vanuatu is a UN member with standing before the International Court of Justice and has been instrumental in landmark climate-related Advisory Opinion proceedings.

Vanuatu has been moving towards a formal data-protection framework. CBI files are held confidentially under government and agent obligations of confidentiality.

No. CBI records are confidential and not published. The register of designated agents is public; lists of individual citizens are not.

Vanuatu has extradition arrangements with several states. The fact of being a Vanuatu citizen does not, in itself, prevent extradition where treaty obligations apply.

Yes. Vanuatu provides consular assistance to its citizens abroad through honorary consuls and partner missions in jurisdictions where Vanuatu lacks an embassy.

Vanuatu maintains a small diplomatic and honorary-consul network. We can confirm representation in your country at the consultation stage.

Direct applications to the Vanuatu Government are not accepted. Only designated agents can submit applications and receive client funds for transfer to the Government.

Our designation is inscribed in the official register held by the Vanuatu Citizenship Office, and we have been licensed since 2018. We provide our designation reference at consultation.

Scope of services, fees, payment schedule, confidentiality, data protection, and termination rights. We send the engagement letter for review before any fees are taken.

Government contributions are paid directly to a Vanuatu Government-designated agent account. The Vanuatu Government does not accept payment directly from citizenship applicants — this is why it's important to deal with a Government Designated Agent such as Vanuatu Advance.

Yes. Strict confidentiality is built into our engagement terms and is reinforced by Vanuatu Citizenship Office requirements on designated agents.

Each client is assigned a dedicated case manager and has direct access to a principal of the firm for substantive questions or escalations.

Yes. We are based in Port Vila with a Sydney presence and can meet in either location by appointment. We also conduct most client meetings via secure video conference.

Yes. The initial confidential consultation is free of charge and carries no obligation. Its purpose is to confirm eligibility and outline the right route for you.

No. We decline cases where eligibility, source of funds, or due diligence concerns mean approval is unlikely. We will say so candidly at the consultation rather than pursue a hopeless file.

We have completed more than 300 successful applications since 2018, for clients in over 40 countries.

Our core working language is English. We work with certified translators for documents in other languages and have client-facing capacity in several major European and Asian languages.

Yes. Many clients involve their tax advisor, family office, or private wealth team. We work collaboratively under appropriate confidentiality undertakings.

Raise the issue directly with your case manager or a principal of the firm. Where matters cannot be resolved internally, the Vanuatu Citizenship Office provides a complaints channel for designated agents.

Yes. We support post-citizenship matters including passport renewal, name change updates, and citizenship-by-descent registration for children born after grant of citizenship.

Use the consultation form on our website, email us directly, or message us via WhatsApp. We respond within one business day with a proposed consultation time.